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Deburring process encyclopedia, list 15 methods, very comprehensive!

2020-09-30 13:30

What is the burr

Burr, in the metal processing process everywhere. No matter how advanced precision equipment you use, it will be born with the product. It is mainly a kind of excess iron filings generated by the plastic deformation of the material and the processing edge of the processed material, especially the material with good ductility or toughness, which is particularly prone to burrs.

The main types of burrs are flash burrs, sharp burrs, splashes and other outstanding excess metal residues that do not meet the product design requirements. For this problem, so far there is no effective method to eliminate it in the production process, so in order to ensure the design requirements of the product, engineers only work hard on the removal of the back road. So far, there are many different methods and equipment for removing burrs for different products.In general, the method of removing burrs can be divided into four categories:

1. Rough grade (hard contact): this category belongs to cutting, grinding, file and scraper processing.

2. ordinary level (soft contact): belong to this category of abrasive belt grinding, grinding, elastic grinding wheel grinding and polishing.

3. Precision grade (flexible contact): belong to this category of washing processing, electrochemical processing, electrolytic grinding and rolling processing.

4. Super precision level (precision contact): belong to this category of abrasive flow deburring, magnetic grinding deburring, electrolytic deburring, thermal deburring and dense radium strong ultrasonic deburring, etc., this kind of deburring method can obtain sufficient parts processing accuracy.

When we choose the deburring method, we must consider many factors, such as the material characteristics of the part, the structure shape, the size and precision of the size, especially the surface roughness, dimensional tolerance, deformation and residual stress changes.

1. Electrolytic deburring

The so-called electrolytic deburring is a chemical deburring method, it can remove the machining, grinding and stamping processing after the burr, and the metal parts tip rounded or invertedLedge.An electrolytic machining method for removing burrs from metal parts by electrolysis, abbreviated as ECD. The tool cathode (usually brass) is fixed and placed near the burr part of the workpiece, and the two are separated by a certain gap (usually 0.3~1mm). The conductive part of the tool cathode is aligned with the burr edge, and the other surface is covered with an insulating layer, so that the electrolytic action is concentrated on the burr part.

During processing, the cathode of the tool is connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply, and the workpiece is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply. A low-pressure electrolyte (usually sodium nitrate or sodium chlorate aqueous solution) with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa flows between the workpiece and the cathode. When the DC power supply is turned on, the burr is removed by anode dissolution and is taken away by the electrolyte.The electrolyte is corrosive, and the workpiece should be cleaned and rust-proof after deburring. Electrolytic deburring is suitable for removing burrs from cross holes in hidden parts or parts with complex shapes. The production efficiency is high, and the deburring time is generally only a few seconds to tens of seconds.

This method is often used for deburring gears, splines, connecting rods, valve bodies and crankshaft oil orifices, as well as rounding of sharp corners. The disadvantage is that the vicinity of the part burr is also affected by electrolysis, the surface will lose its original luster, and even affect the dimensional accuracy.

2. Abrasive flow deburring

Abrasive flow machining technology (AFM) is a new finishing and deburring process developed in the late 1970 s abroad. This process is especially suitable for burrs that have just entered the finishing stage, but it is not suitable for small and long holes and metal molds with no access to the bottom.

3. Magnetic grinding deburring

When magnetic grinding, the workpiece is placed in the magnetic field formed by two magnetic poles, and magnetic abrasives are placed in the gap between the workpiece and the magnetic poles. The abrasives are arranged neatly along the direction of magnetic force under the action of magnetic field force to form a soft and rigid magnetic grinding brush. When the workpiece rotates in the magnetic field for axial vibration, the workpiece and the abrasive move relative to each other, and the abrasive brush grinds the surface of the workpiece; magnetic grinding method can efficiently and quickly grind and deburr parts. It is suitable for parts of various materials, sizes and structures. It is a kind of finishing method with low investment, high efficiency, wide application and good quality.

At present, foreign countries can grind and deburr the inner and outer surfaces of rotating bodies, flat parts, gear teeth, complex surfaces, remove oxide skin on wires, and clean printed circuit boards.

4. Thermal energy deburring

Thermal deburring (TED) is to burn off the burrs with the high temperature generated after the deflagration of the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas or oxygen and natural gas. It is to pass oxygen and oxygen or natural gas and oxygen into a closed container, and ignite through a spark plug to make the mixture deflagrate and release a large amount of heat energy in an instant to remove burrs. However, after the combustion of the workpiece, the oxidation powder will adhere to the surface of the workpiece and must be cleaned or pickled.

5. dense radium strong ultrasonic deburring

Milum strong ultrasonic deburring technology is a popular deburring method in recent years, just attached to the cleaning efficiency is 10~20 times of the ordinary ultrasonic cleaning machine, the hole evenly in the sink, the ultrasonic without the aid of cleaning agent can be completed within 5~15 minutes at the same time.

10 Common Deburring Methods

1. Manual deburring

This is the general enterprise commonly used way, the use of files, sandpaper, grinding head as an auxiliary tool. The file has a manual file and pneumatic dislocation.

Brief comment: the labor cost is more expensive, the efficiency is not very high, and the complex cross hole is difficult to remove. The technical requirements for workers are not very high, and products with small burrs and simple product structure are suitable.

2. Die deburring

Deburring shall be carried out by making die with punch press.

Brief comment: A certain amount of die (coarse die and fine die) production cost is required, and plastic die may also be required. It is suitable for products with simple parting surface, and the efficiency and deburring effect are better than manual.

3. Grinding and deburring

This kind of deburring includes vibration, sandblasting, roller and other methods, the current enterprise uses more.

Brief comment:There is a problem that the removal is not very clean, and subsequent manual processing of residual burrs or other methods of deburring may be required.Suitable for large quantities of small products.

4. Frozen deburring

The use of cooling to make the burr quickly embrittlement, and then spray projectile to remove the burr.

Brief comment: the price of the equipment is about 200 thousands or 300 thousands; It is suitable for products with small burr wall thickness and smaller products.

5. Hot explosion deburring

Also called thermal deburring, explosion deburring. By passing some easy gas into a device furnace, and then through the action of some media and conditions, the gas explodes instantly, and the energy generated by the explosion is used to dissolve and remove burrs.

Brief comment: The equipment is expensive (millions of prices), the operation technology requires high, the efficiency is low, and the side effects (rust, deformation); it is mainly used in some high-precision parts fields, such as precision parts such as automobiles and aerospace.

6. Engraving machine deburring

Brief comment: The price of the equipment is not very expensive (tens of thousands), which is suitable for simple space structure and simple and regular deburring positions.

7. Chemical deburring

Using the principle of electrochemical reaction, the parts made of metal materials are automatically and selectively completed.

Brief comment:It is suitable for internal burrs that are difficult to remove, and is suitable for small burrs of pump body, valve body and other products (thickness less than 7 wires).

8. Electrolytic deburring

An electrolytic machining method for removing burrs from metal parts by electrolysis.

Brief comment:Electrolyte has a certain corrosive, parts of the vicinity of the burr is also subjected to electrolysis, the surface will lose its original luster, and even affect the dimensional accuracy, the workpiece should be cleaned and rust-proof after deburring.Electrolytic deburring is suitable for removing burrs from cross holes in hidden parts or parts with complex shapes. The production efficiency is high, and the deburring time is generally only a few seconds to tens of seconds.It is suitable for deburring gears, connecting rods, valve bodies and crankshaft oil orifices, as well as rounding of sharp corners.

9. High pressure water jet deburring

With water as the medium, the use of its instantaneous impact to remove the burr and flash generated after processing, while achieving the purpose of cleaningBrief comment: The equipment is expensive and is mainly used for the hydraulic control system of the heart of the car and the construction machinery.

10. Ultrasonic deburring

Ultrasonic produces instant high pressure to remove burrs.

Brief comment:Mainly for some microscopic burrs, generally if the burr needs to be observed with a microscope, you can try to remove it by ultrasonic method.

What is the burr